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Glossary

Variance

The net difference, by quantity or value, between state-system inventory and physical or POS inventory for a period. The headline of the 30-day reconciliation report; some states set tolerances, which are limits, not targets.

Why it matters for reconciliation: the net figure is the number a regulator or owner will ask about, but it hides offsetting errors. Two packages, one over and one under, can net to zero while both are wrong, so the detail by tag is what gets worked.

Example: a 30-day report shows a small net variance by value. The detail shows many small differences, most classed as documentation or timing and a few as loss. Where a state sets a tolerance, it is treated as a limit the store stays well within, not as an amount that is acceptable.